Sonny Blues free essay sample

Sonny Blues Essay Blues Is a genre of music that usually speaks about depression. This was the type of music that almost led to a mans downfall. Sonny is this man who loves this music from ever since he was a young man. His love for this music added to Sonnys influence on drugs. His only brother lacks the support that he needs and this was the start of a destructive relationship between the two brothers. There was no brotherly love for a long time between these two brothers and blues was the cause.This music played a very important role in the relationship of these two brothers. In the short story Sonny Blues, by James Baldwin, blues represents Sonny addiction and message to his brother because the music forms a bond between these two brothers rough relationship. Blues Is a major part of Sonnys life. He has a love for this type of music and he can see himself playing and listening to this type of music for the rest of his life. We will write a custom essay sample on Sonny Blues or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page This Is the only thing Sonny wants to do with his life. When Sonny moves Into Isabella parents house shortly after his mother passed away, he began to take this music very seriously.He practices continuously on the piano in his new home. Sonny began to skip school and this was the beginning of the downfall in his life with the influence of this music in his life. Isabel parents came down on Sonny horribly about his music addiction after being informed that he was skipping school. The author lets the reader know, they penetrated his cloud, they had reached him. Even if their fingers had been a thousand times more gentle than human fingers ever are, he could hardly help feeling that they had stripped him naked and were spitting on that nakedness (Baldwin 55). Sonny could not fight this pain.He felt as If his dreams were crushed and he was not willing to accept this. Sonny acknowledges that music which was life or death to him had been torture to Isabella family (Baldwin 55). Knowing that his music meant nothing to them or his older brother made him feel as if he is a waste. He was trying to better himself and it was complete nonsense to the rest of the people in his lives. Although, Sonny may have been doing drugs before Isabella parents came down on him, the feeling of being stripped of the only thing he felt that he was good at may have triggered his addiction to drugs. This music represents Sonnys addiction for drugs not only because he feels that he is not good at what he does, but also because this type of music allows him a chance to escape the tough life he experiences. Sonnys has been through a lot of difficult times in his life. Both parent passed away when he was only a young boy. In addition, his older brother was overseas In the army. He had no one to guide him and this was a huge mistake on behalf of his older brother. Sonny feels that the drugs associated with the blues are exactly the way for him to become one tit the music and to break away from his stressful life.HIS addiction to drugs and his love for the music is intertwined together as one. He needs drugs to get through asks him if he needs the drugs in order to play, he replies, Its not so much so play. Its to stand, to be able to make it at all on any level. In order to keep from shaking to pieces (Baldwin 58). The meaning of these words is that Sonny needs the drugs in his system to be successful in the music, and it is a way for him to come out and let the world know his pain. He needs this drug to keep him going when he performs ND it is a way for him to fully express himself without falling apart.Sonny feels this music is his escape and the drugs also numb the pain that he feels when he sings the blues. He cant have one without the other and he needs this music in his life, so therefore he needs the heroin as well. Sonnys older brother does not see eye toe with Sonny. They have a very rough relationship and it is merely because the way Sonny lives his life and his use of drugs. Sonnys brother never accepted him to be a musician because he felt that the music was only a downfall for Sonny. This also may eave crushed Sonny inside to know that he was not getting any support from his own brother.Sonny brothers says, l didnt like the way he carried himself, loose and dreamlike all the time, and I didnt like his friends, and his music seemed to be merely an excuse for the life he led (Baldwin 56). Sonnys brother only sees the negative part of how blues affects Sonnys life. He fails to see how much this music really means to Sonny. He fails to see that he should try harder to help save Sonny from his addiction. Sonnys brother is unable to see that Sonny will not give up Blues. When Sonny is released from prison he sees things a little different.Prison may have opened up his eyes to see that his lifestyle was unhealthy and will only lead to his downfall in the future if he continues. Blues is what makes Sonny and his older brother relationship so rough, but this music is what brings the two brothers together as well. They both view the music and the lifestyle that it brings differently. They form a closer bond after Sonnys brother goes to the night club with Sonny. When they both appeared at the night club Sonnys brother watched him and Sonnys close friends perform. He witnessed something he had never witnessed before.When Sonny began to perform, his brother says, It was very beautiful because it wasnt hurried and it was no longer a lament. I seemed to hear with what burning he had made it his, and what burning we had yet to make it ours, how we could cease lamenting (Baldwin 63). Through Sonnys music he could see that there was no more grieve in Sonny, and when Sonny is performing, he is free from all his sadness. He witnesses Sonnys escape and sees that he himself can be free from his pain as well through Sonnys music. Sonnys brother witnesses this fire inside Sonny without rugs in his system. He sees Sonny being successful in playing and singing this music for the first time in his life. This view on Sonny opens up their relationship and brings them closer than ever before. Sonnys brother is finally aware of how much love his brother has for this music. He gains some insight on what this music means and how it is helpful. Sonnys brother says, l understand, at last, that Sonny could help us to be free if we would listen, that he would never be free until we did (Baldwin 63). Sonny brother means that listening to the pain that Sonny sings bout is a pain that he can relate too.He also begins to understand that listening to Sonnys music was a way of freeing Sonny from the pain that Sonny endures, and it would also help himself as well to escape his own misery. This music was a way of the music led to many troubles in his life as well as stress for the family and love ones in his life. Although Sonnys addiction to drugs had a negative impact on his life he found a way to connect to his brother with the very same thing that brought them so far apart. Sonny connected with his brother by letting him witness what this music does for him. Sonny Blues free essay sample Sonny Blues by James Baldwin is a story between two brothers from Harlem who confront their pain and suffering in altered ways. Sonny is arrested at the beginning of the story due to heroin use, while his brother the narrator is a schoolteacher trying to better his students and the community. Throughout the story, the reader views numerous points with the lives of the characters seen as the narrators point of view. The story ends with Sonny playing the blues in the club, while his brother is listening.Music helps them deal with the pain and suffering. The story advises that sometimes music can help people represent pain, passion, and suffering, while dealing with problems and understanding one another. Sonny is presented as a troubled youth who grows into a troubled man: These boys, now, were living as wed been living then, they were growing up with a rush and their heads bumped abruptly against the low ceiling of their actual 371 Suffering can come In many shape and forms, with the young boys in Harlem having the mindset that they have a little chance of making something of themselves. We will write a custom essay sample on Sonny Blues or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page They are living in a community where it has perished with to many opportunities to become successful. Sonny has ambition of becoming an exceptional and musician, but unfortunately the drug environment In Harlem haunts him into falling into a stereotypical African-American who is not successful but lives poor and does drugs trying to make in Harlem. The narrator feels deficient because he is trying to teach high school math to students who might never get out of Harlem. He knows that drugs Is not the answer to anyones problems but he understands that there might be something more pleasurable then learning algebra: It had appended and here I was, talking about algebra to a lot of boys who might, every one of them for all I knew, be popping off needles every time they went to the head. Maybe It did more for them than algebra could (Baldwin 367). Even though the narrator knows he Is trying to better his community, he gets discouraged of what all is surrounding him and his students while living in Harlem.Sonny has been using the heroin to conceal the pain and issues he has within himself. Once he is released from Jail Sonny must face his problems, and he uses the Jazz to accomplish this. As the reader. E see that Sonny changes by being able to deal with his pain and suffering through music instead of drugs. Music was Sonnys dream at a young age he wanted to become phenomenal musician. Laurie Champion states, The narrator continues to question Sonny about his goals, asks him what type of musician he desires to be, and demands that Sonny answer him seriously.Sonny says he wants to be a jazz musician (Champion). The narrator wonders if his brother will have what it takes to become a musician. He says, ;l think people ought to do what they want to do, what else they are alive The narrator wants to understand why e wants to make this career choice and lifestyle, Since he cannot understand, the reasoning behind Sonnys decision he feels as though he does not know him. He FIFO graduates (Champion). The narrator feels agitated with Sonnys fate in life. He wants him to have a stable and secure lifestyle.The Harlem resistance was an era where jazz music was becoming popular in America but was not always accepted the type of music was considered foul in some social society classes. A European director states: The teaching of Jazz is not only the right but also the duty every up-to-date musical institution. So far, so good. He continues, An infusion of negro blood can do no harm. It will help to develop a wholesome sense of rhythm, which after all constitutes the life element of music (Salomon 734).Harlem is rich in history and culture, throughout the years it has seen everything from poverty to urban growth. The community stayed strong throughout its rough times and this became a model for other black urban areas. Although the Harlem Renaissance was short lived, it changed the face of black America forever. The word Renaissance brings to mind a rebirth of art, music, and culture. Sonny is in desperate need of a rebirth in his life to be able to make himself and his family proud of him.Sonnys brother the narrator has struggled with pain throughout his lifetime. He has learned how to deal with his struggle of pain through interactions with others and family. Throughout the story, he is distant towards Sonny, but does not do it initially: He and Sonny hadnt ever got on too well. Moreover, this was partly because Sonny was the apple of his fathers eye. It was because he loved Sonny so much and was frightened for him, that he was always fighting for him (Baldwin 374). A family happiness is based on a successful and strong bonding between the members.Relationships between father and son are often conflicted while the son is growing up, but on the other hand, the relationship of father and son can be a great friendship between the two. If they are in conflict, it can really affect the family as a whole. This can cause a burden on the son because he wants to live his own life and follow his dreams, not what his father wants. Terry Heeler states: The narrator and Sonny have found alternative ways of making meaning and order. The narrator sakes a literal family and a conventional career, as his father did.Sonny becomes an artist, one who expresses for himself and his community and to himself and his community the passions that unite them. By expressing these passions, giving them order in articulation and making them meaningful, he also makes and sustains a kind of family, a community of shared moments of meaning (Heeler). The narrator does not use drugs when he has to deal with pain, but he seems to have anxiety and can feels the pain physical as well as emotionally. When he says: A great block of ice got titled in my belly and kept melting there slowly all day long, while I taught my classes algebra.It was a special kind of ice.. . Sometimes it hardened and seemed to expand until I felt my guts were going to come spilling out or that I was going to choke or scream (Baldwin 366). This allows the reader to see how the narrator handles anger and pain by keeping his emotions inside, it makes him want to scream. The narrator also feels guilt and loneliness for not fulfilling their mother request of him making sure Sonny knew he was there for him. Reilly states: The idea f meriting your suffering is a staggering one.In the face of it the narrators inclination to talk about Will power and how life could be well beautiful, is blunted, because he senses that by directly confronting degradation Sonny has asserted what Watching Sonny go through multiple devastating life changes has affected the narrator emotionally. He loves his brother but does not understand him. They both are analyzing the world with two different perspectives, as though they did while they were looking out the window in the cab. Sonnys life is completely different from his brothers life and as a result, sonny skies to use music as a way to convey his reality.The Jazz he prefers to listen to and play is less traditional music. He enjoys the artists who are spontaneous while the music relied on instinct then a formal session. Musicians who were like sonny who valued freedom of expression loved Jazz music. This provided a chance to live freely, go against social conventions and a normal society, while creating original music. Barman states: The man who created the music is hearing something else, is dealing with the roar rising from the void and imposing order on it as it hits the air. What is evoked in him, then, is of another order, more terrible because it has no words, and triumphant, too, for that same reason (Barman 370). Sonny will always be different from his brother, he is not the average person who works a regular Job and lives a plain life. Sonny is a musician and music feeds his soul and helps him cope with the reality of the community he lives in. Since Sonny is a musician and his brother is not and has not experienced the same struggles. Sonny has an alternative family who understands his music and the life that comes with being an artist.This secondary family helps Sonny because his brother is not very close to him at the time and does not understand his lifestyle. This gives Sonny a since of Joy that he has people around him that is Just like him and who cares about him and his music. Music heals the soul. Music is therapy that helps people get through all emotions whether you are suffering, in pain, angry, or happy. Music can also define who you are and your type of lifestyle and it does for Sonny. The narrator finally starts to understand his brother as musician and understands why his brother needs his sic to express himself.As the narrator is watching and listening to Sonny play at the nightclub he describes a glass sitting over Sonnys piano as shaking like the very cup trembling (Baldwin 388). The narrator states this to show a difficult position Sonny is in, this reference comes from the Bible. Where the cup of trembling is a symbol to describe the suffering and fear the people have. The biblical passage says there will be a relief from suffering and the narrator believes that the cup is a reminder of all the pain he has endured but also giving him a chance of redemption and peace.Sonny is a musician and he turns all his sorrow into music that is from the heart and beautiful. The ending of the story is very significant because the two brothers finally understand one another and can live in peace. They understand that pain and suffering will always be around in life, because it is a part of life. The importance is now they both know how to handle their emotions in a proper way. While the narrator is watching Sonny play the piano at the nightclub, he realizes that Sonny has found his way back to his musical family and that he is a part of his original family again.

Effects of Automation on Business and Employment

Effects of Automation on Business and Employment Introduction Is the future of the world going to be driven by sophisticated technology and endless job opportunities or is innovation going to create an inevitable doom? These are some of the issues that the author of this argumentative paper will address. Innovation has resulted to technologies that are increasingly making the world a happy and a comfortable place to live in.Advertising We will write a custom research paper sample on Effects of Automation on Business and Employment specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More Technology has the capability to change the way human beings associate with the world around them (Miller, 2008). The author of this paper contends that the seemingly endless use of innovation is wrought with dangers and threats to the human society. Automation on Business and Employment Futurists like Ray Kurweil are optimistic about the destiny of this world as far as technological innovation is concerned. But they appear not to be aware of the consequences attached to it. In his book titled Lights in the Tunnel, Ford (2009) contends that â€Å"The world is becoming increasingly automated. Robots and computer programs will edge human workers out of their jobs (and that) unless we take a drastic step †¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦.this will reduce mass market’s purchasing power† (p.7). Ford (2009) is conversant with the fact that the world is indeed at a dangerous point. In his arguments, the tunnel is synonymous with purchasing power in the mass market (Ford, 2009). Having read this book thoroughly, the author of this paper is not convinced that the title adequately addresses the automation issue. The author of this paper would like to restructure the statement for the reader. The question is: what are the implications of automation in the current and future economy? Answering this question will help in predicting the future by tackling the current situation.Advertising Looking for research pa per on business economics? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More Many people agree that robots and computer software will take jobs that were initially dominated or occupied by human beings. Some individuals are already experiencing the problems as popular automation machines such as Flexpicker and Adept Quattro are now taking part in the manufacturing industry as they are given the task of sorting and shifting goods. More human-like automation machines have taken over the industry. For example, in a few years’ time, the journalist will be replaced by these creatures as they possess the skills for virtual writing and even news’ anchoring. The vending machines are a classic example of this scenario where the right for employment has been rendered useless (Leontief Duchin, 2008). Some economists contend that even though the technology is progressing and increasingly taking over most of the jobs held by humans, it cre ates more jobs in real sense. Any worker displaced from the manufacturing line will automatically get a place in the maintenance segment. In addition, a couple of workers may become consultants. They even go ahead and stress that automation will never do away with jobs meant for human beings. However, whether the machines will replace humans or not will largely depend on how technology advances (Killingsworth, 2008). The Fallacy of the Luddites To address this issue effectively, the author will travel back in time to the industrial revolution. The textile workers of the Luddites rejected the use of looming machines contending that it was ‘greedily’ taking their daily share of bread. They protested that jobs carried out by machines will jeopardize the economy. Of course they were not right. But the reader will contend with the author of this paper that this is not a fallacy in the modern era given that technology meant to save and ease human labor is only escalating the rate of unemployment (Killingsworth, 2008).Advertising We will write a custom research paper sample on Effects of Automation on Business and Employment specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More The author of this paper continues to argue that the fallacy will hold true if human beings are able to move at a faster pace than technology. This way, human beings will not be bullied by the greedy technology that is taking everything for itself. The fallacy that was structured during the revolution will be torn apart since the rate at which technology is advancing will overrun human capabilities. After the automation industry has taken over a substantial share of the global market, a large swathe of human workforce will be rendered redundant. In other words, future technology is a loss of jobs in the manufacturing industry (Watanabe, International Labor Office [ILO] World Employment Program [WEP], 2009). Another fact as far as job automation is con cerned is the many but lowly paying jobs in the industry. This is an indication that there will be just a few people able to purchase commodities. The few automated corporations will have formed a decimal generation of trillionaires with a diminished figure of consumers. This will result to fragmented purchasing power as consumer trust will fade allowing wealth to dominate in few places. At the end of the day, the wealthy tycoons will struggle to market their commodities bringing down the economy (Watanabe et al., 2009). Critiques Other economic scholars have challenged those thinkers who seem to support the fact that in a short while the world will become fully automated. They contend that not all jobs will become automated (Adler, 2010). For instance, artists, teachers, entertainers and such others will be saved as a sizeable proportion of human kind will prefer a touch of human hands in their services. They argue that in such circumstances, the economy has got nothing to worry ab out. This statement cannot go unchallenged. Currently, some of the high paying jobs include that of the office secretary, cashiers, food manufactures, lawyers and so forth. The question is, if the above mentioned jobs become automated, what are those involved in them going to become?Advertising Looking for research paper on business economics? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More Of course they will not change and become teachers, entertainers, or even artist. People from these automated positions will not have enough income to sustain themselves simply because not all will become artists or performers (Adler, 2010). Critics continue to challenge the effects of automation on the business and employment sector. They are of the view that to them, automation is not a problem. Human beings can transit from production to service based employment. They point out that human kind has evolved from an economy dominated by hunters and gatherers to that of craftsmanship, farming, and manufacturing by using their ingenuity. Modern worker can still shift and become a great entrepreneur (Essig, 2012). As entrepreneurs, they can own capital and use it to craft a new and different future. As the robots advance to take charge of the future, humans too can advance by investing in the robotic world. Wealth will not stagnate but will spread in all directions making life more com fortable. However, this argument has some weaknesses as it fails to address crucial issues. For example, not all people in the society can own adequate share capital from robots. The income realized cannot fully account for the total loss of employment and business opportunities (Ford, 2009). To respond to these scholars downplaying the automation threat, the author of this paper will try to give numerical evidence. A few years back, technology and employment went up at more or less the same rate. The reader should keep in mind that this trend is not the same today. But the reader will agree with this author that the performance of the companies exploiting technology is exceptional to say the least while, on the contrary, the employment rate has stagnated if not declined (Conference on Automation Systems for Business and Industry [Conference], 2011). Case Study Numerical evidence supports this fact. In North America, 41 out of 62 industries increased the use of information technolog y in their operations between 2007 and 2011. This development affected workers in the industries as technology took over their jobs. The difference was clearly seen when the rate of technology use rose by 10% as employment declined by 7% within the same period. This observation may be viewed as correlation as opposed to causation. It implies that industries making exorbitant profits have opted for technology over their employees. Technology is therefore the inability to hire workers (Taylor, Coppin Wealthy, 2010). The author of this paper appreciates the effects of automation given that it is predicted that by 2015, automation of business processes will have eliminated over 25% of human workforce in the labor market. For example, the ZDnet automation which has a self- service mechanism will invade the financial labor market and many other sectors leaving little to be done by humans (Taylor et al., 2010). The automation menace can be explained or categorized into three different cat egories. These are mechanization, automation, and process improvement. Mechanization and automation are well known for taking work from humans and transferring it to machines. The last category involves completely denying humans work and edging them out of the labor market. At the end of the day, unemployment will be on the rise (Taylor et al., 2010). James Albus (the inventor of some of the most intelligent machines) is worried about the fact that the automation machines he created will jeopardize the work meant for human beings. When he created these machines, he was optimistic that they will have the capacity to create wealth in the United States and around the world (Albus, 2009). To address his worries, he opted for what he calls capitalism in his book Peoples’ Capitalism: The Economic of Robot Revolution. This is substantial evidence that the world labor force is crumbling down. To avert such a scenario, he advises that the only way is to uphold capital income. He asser ts that if people acquire a substantial amount of capital income, it will help them compensate for the lost labor. According to him, this will be the economic system of the future. From this author’s point of view, Albus (2009) is only concerned with eradication of poverty, pollution, and maybe war. But he does not tell how the whole world will be able to own capital share (Albus, 2009) Having discussed the effects of automation on the employment sector, the author will shift the focus and address the effects of automation on business. Here, the reader will be made aware of the contribution of technology in business. Business and Automation The inventors of most of the automation machines argue that the creatures are not always cheaper than human labor. It is just that they give better and more promising results than their predecessors. They say that quality is a vital requirement in any business. No human being can match the quality of the results the machines can offer. A g ood example is the General Motor manufacturing industries. Robots are used to assemble thousands of part in a short time. No human employee can keep up with that (Oregon, 2008). The encroachment has extended to the medical sector where surgery in hospitals is done by robots with their backs stuck to computer tablets. The inventors contend that the robots are not preferred because they are cheap; rather, their work is quick and the patients are able to recover in a short time (Watkins, 2008). And with the ever increasing number of patients undergoing operations in hospitals, the significance of the robots cannot be downplayed. It is expensive to buy a robot and statistics indicate that only 400 were sold to serve in hospitals in 2011 (Jin Lin, 2012). If someone happens to undergo procedures such as prostatectomy, there is a high possibility that a robot was involved in one or various stages of the operation, complementing the work of the specialists. As such, automation is doing wel l as far as business is concerned. Automation machines need human intervention in all business processes. Although they would have sent home a significant number of workers, they will still need to be inspected whether they have performed the job correctly. As much as they can produce quality and precise work, they will remain machines. As such, intervention as far as their performance is concerned is mandatory (Jin Lin, 2012). Another classic example of automation in this field is the business process automation also referred to as the BPA. The idea here is to reduce operating costs by incorporating automatic software to increase business productivity. At the end of the day, quality and increased demand is achieved while business and automation are boosted (Jin Lin, 2012). Conclusion In this paper, the author looked at the effects of automation on business and employment in contemporary world. The paper adopted an argumentative nature where the author took a stand and tried to def end it. Opposing arguments were identified and debunked. It was found that the impacts of automation in these two fields are significant. In conclusion, the reader may ask themselves whether there is any job that is safe from automation. One would be tempted to say yes, there are some jobs that are safe from this menace. However, evidence in this paper clearly shows that none of the jobs is safe. Researchers are spending sleepless nights in laboratories trying to come up with algorithms that will give the robots the ability to search for facts and even narrate stories. This is an indication of the fact that the columns in the newspapers may be filled with stories written by robots (Miller, 2008). One may then ask who will read the stories. It is noted that the readers of the virtual writers will be many. Those sent home after their jobs have been taken away from them by the robots will idle around as they read the stories written by the same robots. References Adler, P. (2010). Tech nology and the future of work. New York: Oxford University Press. Albus, J. (2009). Peoples capitalism: The economics of the robot revolution. College Park, Md: New World Books. Conference on Automation Systems for Business and Industry. (2011). Proceedings of the EIA conference on automation systems for business and industry. New Jersey: Engineering Publishers. Essig, L. (2012). The speed of light: Dialogues on lighting design and technological change. Portsmouth, N.H: Heinemann. Ford, M. (2009). The lights in the tunnel: Automation, accelerating technology and the economy of the future. New York: Acculant Publishing. Jin, D., Lin, S. (2012). Advances in future computer and control systems (2nd ed.). Berlin: Springer. Killingsworth, C. (2008). Effects of automation on employment and manpower planning. East Lansing: Michigan State University. Leontief, W., Duchin, F. (2006). The future impact of automation on workers. New York: Oxford University Press. Miller, C. (2008). Digital s torytelling: A creators guide to interactive entertainment. Boston: Focal Press/Elsevier. Oregon, C. (2008). The effects of technological change on employment in the lumber industry. Washington: U.S. Dept. of Labor, Manpower Administration, Bureau of Employment Security. Taylor, A., Coppin, P., Wealthy, P. (2010). The impact of new technology on local employment: A study of progress and effect on jobs in the London borough of Hammersmith and Fulham. Aldershot, Hampshire: Gower. Watanabe, S., International Labour Office, World Employment Program. (2009). Microelectronics, automation, and employment in the automobile industry. Chichester: Wiley. Watkins, J. (2008). Information technology, organizations, and people: Transformations in the UK retail financial services sector. London: Routledge.

Response Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words - 23

Response - Essay Example After all the friends left him, Abu al-Hasan went back to his mother’s house. He promises to keep distance from his untrustworthy old friends. Therefore, Abu al-Hasan develops a new approach of inviting only strangers to his home at night. Afterwards, he refuses to recognize them. He spent a year inviting and engaging strangers. One-day Abu al-Hasan welcomed two men disguised in merchants dress to his home. Namely the Caliph and Masrur, the Sworder of his retribution. After the new friends drank and dined, Abu al-Hasan informed them that they would never meet through the story about Larrikin and the Cook (Tarnowska and Naff 471). Up to this level, Abu al-Hasan transforms into a careful yet gullible person. He extensively used symbolism and metaphors in the story to explain and justify his experiences. During the story, Larrikin mentioned that the narrative had a cause and a tail. Therefore, Caliph probed Abu to explain the cause of the story. However, Caliph objected to leave. The story took an interesting twist when Caliph asked Abu about his wish. Ironically, Abu requested to be Caliph for one day to punish shaykhs who oppressed and disapproved his hospitality. Later Caliph covertly placed Cretan Bhang in Abu’s beverage and instructed Masrur to take Abu to the Palace after he fell asleep. The Caliph told everyone in the Palace to obey and pretend Abu to fulfill his dream. Upon waking up, Abu al-Hasan found himself in a deluxe apartment. He wondered if it was paradise or heaven. Consequently, Abu assumed his new role while the Caliph watched and laughed from hiding. Later that night Caliph placed another Bhang in Abu’s drink, which made him to fall asleep (Tarnowska and Naff 477). Abu woke up in his mother’s home the next morning. His mother insisted it was a dream while Abu emphasized about the Caliph until he beat his mum with a staff. Folk outside reasoned that Jinn

Analytical response to a poem Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

Analytical response to a poem - Essay Example The poet is successful in creating the nightmarish situation before the readers through the careful selection of images, symbols, allegories, diction, etc. and thereupon to indicate the situation of the world he lives in. "Things fall apart; the centre cannot hold; / Mere anarchy is loosed upon the world, / The blood-dimmed tide is loosed, and everywhere / The ceremony of innocence is drowned" (Yeats, lines 3-6) According to the speaker of the poem, the best people in the world lack all conviction, whereas the worst "are full of passionate intensity." Therefore, a reflective analysis of the poem "The Second Coming" by William Butler Yeats, it becomes lucid that the poet employs harsh imagery, powerful language, and strong symbolism in order to warn readers of a world in a chaotic downfall and the approach of the birth of an antichrist in a new two thousand year cycle. This paper undertakes a profound investigation of the use of imagery, symbolism, and poetic language in the poem "The Second Coming" in order to determine the main themes as well as aesthetic characteristics of the poem. The poem "The Second Coming" by WB Yeats belongs to the Modernist poetry and the poet has been effective in incorporating the various poetic techniques of the Modernist poetry. ... "Turning / and turn / ing in / the widen / ing gyre // The fal / con can / not hear / the fal / coner" (Yeats, lines 1-2) Significantly, the rhymes of the poem are haphazard too and there are only coincidental rhymes in the poem, such as "man" and "sun", apart from the two opening couplets of the poem. Thus, the major rhymes of the poem include "gyre" and "falconer", "hold" and "world", and "man" and "sun". The poem is written in two stanzas - the first one with eight lines and the second one with sixteen lines. In a reflective analysis of the imagery used by the poet in "The Second Coming", one recognizes that Yeats begins his prophetic poem with harsh and dark imagery which effectively conveys the message of the poet. The opening image of 'the widening gyre' which suggests the historical movement or trend started at the birth of Jesus Christ is figured as a falcon's towering and the images such as 'falcon', 'falconer', 'Mere anarchyloosed upon the world' etc indicates the kind of world that the poet lives in. Similarly, other images like 'blood-dimmed tide', 'ceremony of innocence', 'passionate intensity', 'the Second Coming', 'vast image out of Spiritus Mundi, 'shape with lion body and the head of a man', 'indignant desert birds', 'stony sleep', 'rocking cradle', etc help the author in effectively conveying his points. Therefore, the stunning, violent, harsh and dark imagery used in the poem makes it greatly appealing to the readers and the author efficiently communicates to the readers t hrough these images. The use of strong and convincing symbolism has made significant contribution to the success of "The Second Coming" which is Yeats' most

Do you think David Hockney's research and theory on the use of Assignment

Do you think David Hockney's research and theory on the use of technology by the artists of the Renaissance period is important for artists today - Assignment Example use people are in continuously eyeball and many students have learnt to do it better than Hockney can within a short time .If it was true that, Old artists were not able to make realistic- drawings, then this means that they were worse at drawing than contemporary art students are and this invalidates Hockneys claim and thus his search for a "better" explanation is left unjustified. Â  Contemporary artists record what they have done and the general methods used to demonstrate how they undertake their business. Dictionary of human form by Ted explains how to make accurate human drawings in broad variety of poses. (Ted, 5-35). Hockney explains that, medieval artists feared being burned as witches for making images with lenses and mirrors, but does not explain how contemporary artists publish information and how they do that. He dismisses past centuries evidence which indicate that old artists did not use optical on the grounds that they actively hided secrets by falsifying evidence. He does not put into consideration dismissing the living artists who work in the way that he claims is impossible. He is similar to a conspiracy theorist that supports their theories because there is no evidence to its negation. Ateliers are not new and they present unbroken chain stretching back to the Renaissance. Books written by pre-20th century painters do not mention the use of optical aids in drawing and painting. These books are still in existence but Hockney did not study them to discover how the Old artists did their work. He selectively choose writing that mention optical devices and went ahead to present the claim as if the rest didnt exist and that, artists lied about the methods they used to avoid being burned as witches. His claim is not convincing because the painters he claim could not paint lived in era where there was no chance of being condemned. Sculpture during the olden days were realistic and lively just the same way drawings and painting were and there were

Concepts of Monopoly and Competition

Concepts of Monopoly and Competition Monopolistic competition is a particular market structure which means there are a large number of small firms and companies whose products and services are slightly differentiated with other competitors. (Stephen, I Stuart, W. 2007: 147) Such as food market, apparel market, light industry product market. The characteristics of monopolistic competition can divided into several parts. As Hunter (1969:19) said, to begin with, product differentiation includes both internal and external differences. Internal differences contain quality, capability and so on. External differences contain packing, advertising and so on. Moreover, the consumption of firms and industries are more. In addition, it is more easily for companies to enter the market due to no requirement for too much investment and no need for high technology. Furthermore, manufactures have a slight impact on prices which causes high influence in short run and low influence in long run. Last of all, they face the downward sloping section of its curve which means the elasticity is less than perfect competitive market and more than pure monopolistic market. Monopolistic competition is also called imperfect competition that combines the characteristics both of perfect competition and monopoly. In perfect competition, goods and services are identical so that firms can entry freely. In contrast, pure monopoly just has a single seller because their goods are unique and firms who have monopolistic power are as a price maker. Unlike these two structures, monopolistic competition has its own features between them. Long run defined that in a long period of time, whole scale of production can be varied. Normal profit is the minimum amount required to keep a firm in its current line of production. Monopolistic competition in the long run allows firms enter and exit until they are making exactly zero economic profit. From the diagram, it is easily to see the existence of supernormal profit gives much more freedom to the industry who wants to enter, and then the competition makes firms earn normal profit in the long run. To analyze the figures, firstly, consumers need to pay higher price than that paid in perfect competition because of the average cost curve is above the minimum point. (Stephen, I Stuart, W. 2007: 149)Secondly, price exceeds marginal cost which leads to more profit for the monopolistically competitive firm. Thirdly, there is excess capacity in the monopolistic competition in the long run. E which shows that the average cost curve is tangential to the demand curve is a balanced poin t. F shows the average cost at the minimum level. This situation causes the demand and marginal revenue curves move to the left. (Stephen, I Stuart, W. 2007: 149)While at the same time, the market system reaches the equilibrium which illustrates that no encouragement for new firms to entry and no encouragement for former companies exit. What is most important is to analyze the process of the monopolistic competition in the long run. There is an explanation illustrates that the super profits induce other firms to enter, because of barriers is small, other manufactures can through the imitation and innovation to start making a profit market faces decline in demand. As a result, the curve happen a movement in order to become more elastic and flexible. (Huge, G. Ray, R. 2004:187) Assume there is no changeable for cost curve and move the demand curve to the balanced point which is tangential to the average cost, until the prices equals to costs, resulting in profits for the long run equilibrium state of zero. There are many possible reasons for why monopolistic competitive market structure can only make normal profit. For example, first and foremost, the main reason for that is the supply increases, but at the same time the demand of products or services are stay in the same level, so there are surplus for industries. In order to sell products, supplier will decrease the price which may gives them chances to attract consumers and put losses to a minimum. When the prices fall as same as the cost, firms can just get the normal profit. (Shepherd, W. G. Shepherd, J. M. 2004:43)In addition, more and more firms enter the market system, because it is easy and no barriers so that firms are just do like other former firms, as time goes by, no innovation causes consumers do not have any more demand for goods which also lead the decreased price. Furthermore, in the long run, on the one hand, firms can not easily to cancel the large amount of investment. On the other hand, firms need to change all f actors of production to get more capacity which is very difficult. Last but not at least, although the products of monopolistic competition are different from each other but they still can be instead of other products. If other firms which can produce better quality goods appear, people will more likely to buy. In this situation, old firms need to change their price into low degree so that they can make sure their losses are in a minimum point. Hunter (1969:161) emphasizes that a company just make normal profit can continue its business. The key points to keep balance are demand curve is tangential to average cost, Po=AC and MR=MC. For instance, real estate market now is belonging to monopolistic competitive market. There are many kinds of real estate market which are different but still have some similarities. In these markets which have smaller differences between each other, there will be more competitions. Most of the real estate sellers try to get power to close to monopoly which can reduce more competitions. Change the quality of goods and rise up the promotion are two methods that always seen in society. But just in a short run, they can get abnormal profit unless they become pure monopoly. To conclude, monopolistic competition is a special market structure which related to its features and characteristics. The profit they can make in long run is only the normal profit which depends on the reasons above. It is a nature process and phenomenon. References: Hunter, A. (1969). Monopoly and competition. Penguin, Harmondsworth. Huge, G. Ray, R. ( 2004). Microeconomics. Harlow: Prentice Hall/ Financial Times. Stephen, I. Stuart, W. (2007). Economics. Great Britain, Ashford Colour Press, Hampshire. Shepherd, W. G. Shepherd, J. M. (2004). The economics of industrial organization. Long Grove, Ill.: Waveland Press.

Explication of William Blakes Poem London Essay -- essays papers

Explication of William Blakes Poem London William Blake’s poem â€Å"London† takes a complex look at life in London, England during the late seventeen hundreds into the early eighteen hundreds as he lived and experienced it. Blake’s use of ambiguous and double meaning words makes this poem both complex and interesting. Through the following explication I will unravel these complexities to show how this is an interesting poem. To better understand this poem some history about London during the time the poem was written is helpful. London was the â€Å". . . undisputed cultural, economic, religious, educational, and political center† of England in the seventeen and eighteen hundreds. It was a city of â€Å"warehouses, docks, factories, prisons, palaces and slums, of beggars, laborers, shopkeepers, and bankers† (History). The industrial revolution was in full swing and the streets were filthy, the water and air were polluted, and there were rats everywhere. The famous â€Å"London fogs† were created from the burning of coal. The average Londoner lived until age 29, and as many as 1 in 8 drank themselves to death. While there were wealthy merchant and professional classes, the members of the poor grew and were crowded into filthy slums of the city (History). Keeping this history in mind lets take a look at the poem. Repetition and rhyme are an integral part of Blake’s â€Å"London.† The first stanza of the poem shows this repetition and rhyme. I wander through each chartered street, Near where the chartered Thames does flow, And mark in every face I meet Marks of weakness, marks of woe. (1-4) This repetition is a type of rhythm in the poem. According to John Nims and David Mason rhythm is â€Å"something that happens... ...Chart.† Merriam Webster’s Dictionary: Home and Office Ed. 1998. â€Å"Chartered.† Merriam Webster’s Dictionary: Home and Office Ed. 1998. â€Å"Cry.† Merriam Webster’s Dictionary: Home and Office Ed. 1998. â€Å"Forged† Merriam Webster’s Dictionary: Home and Office Ed. 1998. â€Å"Hapless† Merriam Webster’s Dictionary: Home and Office Ed. 1998. â€Å"Manacle† Merriam Webster’s Dictionary: Home and Office Ed. 1998. â€Å"Mark† Merriam Webster’s Dictionary: Home and Office Ed. 1998. Nims, John Fredrick and David Mason. Western Wind: An Introduction to Poetry. Boston: McGraw Hill, 2000 â€Å"Syphilis.† National Institute of Allergy & Infectious Disease. 30 March 2000 http://www.naid.nih.gov/factsheets/stdysph.htm â€Å"Weakness.† Merriam Webster’s Dictionary: Home and Office Ed. 1998. â€Å"Woe.† Merriam Webster’s Dictionary: Home and Office Ed. 1998.

Symbolism in “The Storm”

Symbolism in â€Å"The Storm† â€Å"The Storm†, written by Kate Chopin in 1898, examines the uncontrollable desires of a young wife, lured into the arms of her past lover as her husband and son are caught in a storm. Bobinot and four-year-old Bibi are running errands when the storm suddenly hit. Bobinot’s wife, Calixta was at home sewing when she noticed the severe storm happening outside. When Calixta went outside to gather some clothing, her old lover Alcee asked for shelter during the storm. Through her use of symbolism, Chopin gives the reader her feelings on the love affair between Calixta and Alcee.Chopin’s uses symbolism in her use of different colors throughout the story. The color white is mentioned multiple times in the story. White symbolizes light, purity, and innocence. Calixta’s neck and breasts are described as being white, which means that she is a very pure person. Calixta and Bobinot’s bed is a white, monumental bed. This su ggests that their marriage is loveless and passionless. She refers to the passion between them as a white flame. In addition to these meanings, the white is also symbolic as the hottest part of a flame. Their passion was an overwhelming force, too powerful for them to control.Red means passion, anger, blood and disorder. Alcee notices Calixta’s red lips as he is comforting her about the storm. Her red lips are a symbol of all the disorder in her life and in the storm, as well as the passion that is sparking between her and Alcee. When the rain is over and Alcee is leaving his lover, the world is green and the sun is shining. Green means hope, growth, and fertility. The sun symbolizes enlightenment and wisdom. By the two of them walking into this green world where the sun is shining, it is as if their love affair is acceptable.The storm itself is very symbolic in this story. The storm is parallel to their tryst and also to the internal battle in Calixta. The storm sets the sce ne for their love affair and is full of intensity and exhilaration as it rages outside. The reader can sense the wildness that is taking place inside and outside Calixta's home. But, in the midst of the mayhem there is a sense of peace and harmony within the walls of her home. When Alcee first arrives at Calixta’s home, the rain has just started getting bad. The sexual tension etween the two of them heightens when lightning strikes a tree and scares Calixta. This causes her to throw herself into Alcee’s arms for protection. While they are in the throes of passion, the rain reaches its full force. By the time Alcee and Calixta have finished their affair, the rain has stopped and the storm has moved on. It seems as though the rain has washed away their sin of adultery, because when they walk outside the world is shiny and bright. All this time, Bobinot and Bibi have been waiting at the store. When the storm finally passes, they are able to go home.On their way, Bobinot i s afraid that his wife will be angry with him for taking so long at the store and for not being presentable. To his surprise, when they come in the backdoor, Calixta is fixing dinner and is in a wonderful mood. She checks them over to make sure they are dry and unharmed. She seems genuinely happy to see her husband and son. However, when Bobinot gives her the treat he picked up for her; she only kisses him on the cheek to show her gratitude. This reinforces the suspicion that they are in a loveless or passionless marriage.

Native Speaker - Definition and Examples in English

Native Speaker s in English In language studies, native speaker  is a controversial term for a person who  speaks  and writes using his or her  native language  (or mother tongue). Put simply, the traditional view is that the language of a native speaker is determined by birthplace. Contrast with non-native speaker. Linguist Braj Kachru identifies native speakers of English as those who have grown up in the Inner Circle  of countries- Britain, America, Canada, Australia, and New Zealand. An extremely proficient speaker of a second language  is sometimes referred to as a near-native speaker. When a person acquires a second-language at a very young age, the distinction between native and non-native speaker becomes ambiguous. A child may be a native speaker of more than one language as long as the acquisition process starts early, says Alan Davies. After puberty (Felix, 1987), it becomes difficult- not impossible, but very difficult (Birdsong, 1992)- to become a native speaker. (The Handbook of Applied Linguistics, 2004). In recent years, the concept of the native speaker has come under criticism, especially in connection with the study of World English,  New Englishes, and English as a Lingua Franca:   While there may be linguistic differences between native and non-native speakers of English, the native speaker is really a political construct carrying a particular ideological baggage (Stephanie Hackert in World EnglishesProblems, Properties and Prospects, 2009). Examples and Observations The terms native speaker and non-native speaker suggest a clear-cut distinction that doesnt really exist. Instead it can be seen as a continuum, with someone who has complete control of the language in question at one end, to the beginner at the other, with an infinite range of proficiencies to be found in between.(Caroline Brandt, Success on Your Certificate Course in English Language Teaching. Sage, 2006) The Common-Sense View The concept of a native speaker seems clear enough, doesnt it? It is surely a common sense idea, referring to people who have a special control over a language, insider knowledge about their language. . . . But just how special is the native speaker? This common-sense view is important and has practical implications, . . . but the common-sense view alone is inadequate and needs the support and explanation given by a thorough theoretical discussion is lacking.(Alan Davies, The Native Speaker: Myth and Reality. Multilingual Matters, 2003) The Ideology of the Native Speaker Model [T]he notion of native speakersometimes referred to as the ideology of the native speaker model- in the field of second language education has been a powerful principle that influences almost every aspect of language teaching and learning . . .. The notion of native speaker takes for granted the homogeneity among, and superiority of the linguistic competence of native speakers and legitimizes the unequal power relations between native and non-native speakers. (Neriko Musha Doerr and Yuri Kumagai, Towards a Critical Orientation in Second Language Education.  The Native Speaker Concept. Walter de Gruyter, 2009) An Ideal Native Speaker I know several foreigners whose command of English I could not fault, but they themselves deny they are native speakers. When pressed on this point, they draw attention to such matters as . . . their lack of awareness of childhood associations, their limited passive knowledge of varieties, the fact that there are some topics which they are more comfortable discussing in their first language. I couldn’t make love in English, said one man to me. . . . In an ideal native speaker, there is a chronologically based awareness, a continuum from birth to death where there are no gaps. In an ideal non-native speaker, this continuum either does not start with birth, or if it does, the continuum has been significantly broken at some point. (I’m a case of the latter, in fact, having been brought up in a Welsh-English environment until nine, then moving to England, where I promptly forgot most of my Welsh, and would no longer now claim to be a native speaker, even though I have many childhood associations and instinctive forms.)(David Crystal, quoted by T. M. Paikeday in The Native Speaker Is Dead: An Informal Discussion of a Linguistic Myth. Paikeday, 1985)

Disputing Affairs In The Publi essays

Disputing Affairs In The Publi essays An entertainer is one who is out to present themselves in order to be known and to fulfill their intended purpose. The life chosen consists of endless surroundings of viewers and the constant admirations received by fans. All entertainers set out the goal of attracting particular age groups and mainly accomplishing the glorious life, presented as the rich and famous; as well as achieving the goal of reaching the top seller lists. The career chosen is not easy to achieve, with the knowledge that many are competing for the rare position given to the lucky ones. These people are considered artists (singers) who either contribute a positive or negative feedback in their presentations. The life given to a celebrity is admired by many, but occasionally these rare winners take their fame into their own hands and in result cause disappointment to viewers. Much of what is presented to us stirs up controversies and causes many to reconsider. We are currently living in the new millennium known as the year 2001. We have not yet discontinued the purpose of music, but instead participate in financially benefiting their work. For as long as music has existed so have their committed fans who support and enjoy what is viewed. The decided view that I have chosen to take upon myself in this essay is the controversial influence entertainers possess on viewers. Many records sold by pop-artists as well as rap- artists are benefiting, but much of our society feels what is previewed should be banned. The society we live holds a great purpose by prohibiting and enforcing laws; therefore those artists being pointed fingers at should consider what is appropriate for the intended audience. I feel that censoring would definitely contribute to bettering not only the fans but the stars themselves. The influential outlook is causing controversies that are not healthy for neither the performer nor the spectator. I would like to first pre...

DARE Term Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

DARE - Term Paper Example These 43 countries vary in languages and are spread across the globe. Anguilla, Barbados, Belgium, Brazil, Canada, Germany, Guatemala, Italy, Iceland, Cuba, Japan, Mexico, Philippines, Norway, Spain, South Korea, United Kingdom, Trinidad and Tobago, Turkey, Wales and St. Maarten are some of the countries which have embraced D.A.R.E. as a means of assisting them in the fight against drug abuse and violence. D.A.R.E. signifies a collaborative effort to reduce crime between ‘local schools and law enforcement personnel’ (Leis 2009). Interestingly, local D.A.R.E. programs were found to be so effective that both national and international stakeholders clamored for the creation of an umbrella organization. This massive demand led to the establishment of D.A.R.E. America, a major resource to improve the quality of the local D.A.R.E. programs. This non-profit organization offers officer training provides educational materials for students, assesses the D.A.R.E. curriculum as well as the standards of instruction and program effectiveness. D.A.R.E. America generates consciousness in the minds of the American citizens about D.A.R.E. Police officers are trained and certified to present classroom lessons to children from kindergarten to 12th grade. ... An additional 40 hours of training in high school curriculum is necessary for D.A.R.E. instructors. Internationally D.A.R.E. is considered to be a representation of community policing. The United States Department of Justice has highlighted several valuable contributions of D.A.R.E. to local communities. Two major benefits include a seamless relationship between the young people and the police and opportunities for there to be open communication/dialogues between the school, police and parents. It is quite easy to begin a D.A.R.E. program in one’s community. A signed written agreement between the Superintendent of Schools and the Chief of police I submitted to D.A.R.E. America indicating the desires of both parties to implement the program and the guarantee that the police officers would participate and complete the required D.A.R.E. training. Generally, there is no charge for the tuition to officers. However, some training centers may charge a small fee. The requesting instit utions would usually pay for the lodging and meal expenses of their officers. For the first year both instructor’s materials and students’ workbooks are supplied free of charge to the officers and students in question. Hence a starter kit is supplied to these communities free of charge for the first year. D.A.R.E. in its 28 years life span has received endless praise for its work in public awareness of drug abuse and gang violence from a wide range of members of society. However, no commendation is as distinguished as its first Presidential proclamation since 1988 of a national D.A.R.E. Day. Subsequent to this date each year is marked with a Presidential Proclamation declaring one day in the year as the national

How do YOU attempt to balance their responsibilities for child welfare Essay

How do YOU attempt to balance their responsibilities for child welfare and crime control To what extent are they successful - Essay Example Youth crime has become a significant problem in England especially in the socio-economically backward areas. A large number of youth come across some form of offending behavior in their lives whether as a perpetrator or as a victim. Most youth commit offence though the nature of the offences may not be serious. In England, Wales and Northern Ireland the minimum age of criminal responsibility is set at 10 years while the boys and girls aged between 14 and 18 years are considered young adults. (Hollin et al 2). Sufficient evidence is available to prove that among children frequency in offending starts from the age of 8 and reaches the peak during the adolescent years at around the age of 16-17 years. Excessive levels of bullying and fighting, shoplifting, destruction to property, absence from school, defiant and provocative behavior, setting fires, physical attacks, graffiti and sexual assaults are some types of offending (Liabo and Richardson 14). The frequency in offending drops shar ply at the age of 18 years and there is a strong possibility that the young offenders actually emerge as law-abiding citizens. Siegel and Welsh (282) have observed that the participation and the frequency of offences by young offenders decrease as they age. However offending does not totally vanish; it exists in the form of underage driving and consumption of alcohol (Hollin et al 2). A report conducted by Civitas (The Institute for the Study of Civil Society) showed that every year around 70,000 school aged children entered Youth Justice System with half of these first time offenders being young adults. The report also stated that both male and female were proven guilty of offence; however the number of male offenders was greater with theft and physical attacks on people being the greatest number of offences committed by the youth (Natale 2010). In England the offending youth have a love-hate relationship with the public. The public strongly condemns the offending actions of the yo ung adults and considers them a threat to the lives and property of the public. On the other hand, the public also raises a hue and cry over the treatment meted out to the young offenders on the hands of law enforcement agencies. In early England, the young offenders were awarded the same punishment for petty offences as an adult. A child forced to steal a piece of bread out of hunger was a thief as was a grown up person who stole a valuable object. The outlook of the English Justice System has changed significantly and now young adults who offend are not treated as hardcore criminals. The Youth Justice System was established to deal with offending children and young adults and is very different from the adult justice system. According to the Youth Justice System, the young offenders should not be isolated from the society rather the whole community should work together to make them law abiding citizens. It believes that arrests and jail sentences do not stop the young offenders fro m re-offending rather it has been observed that often young adults turn into criminals when sent to prison. If offending is traumatizing for the victims, it also deeply affects the young perpetrator who often is not aware of the severity of his actions until it is too late. The children and young adults who offend need the support and help from all corners so that they do not re-offend and emerge as responsible citizens of the future. Why do Youth Commit Offence There are a number of reasons for which the young offenders commit crimes some of them being peer pressure (bullying), problems at home such as lack of discipline at home, violence at home, financial problems, poor housing, lack of communication between parents